Das finde ich auch noch interessant zum 1. Artikel:
http://www.wired.com/2014/11/time-gravity/
...
“For me, the bigger problem is that there are a whole lot of different physical arrows of time,” Carlip said. The forward direction of time manifests itself in many ways that don’t involve gravity. For example, light always radiates away from a lamp—never toward it. A radioactive isotope decays into lighter atoms; you never see the reverse. Why would an arrow of time derived from gravity also push other arrows of time in the same direction?
“It’s a big open question,” Carlip said. “I don’t think anyone has a good answer as to why these arrows of time should agree. This doesn’t answer that either.”